Use backup power safely

Generators can be a vital backup power source for small and medium-sized businesses, especially during power outages or in locations with unreliable electricity supply. However, their use must be carefully managed to ensure safety, efficiency and compliance with regulations. Here are some key messages to ensure you keep your business safe when using generators.

1. Choosing the right generator

Select a generator that matches your power needs. Overloading a generator can lead to equipment damage or fire hazards, while underutilising one may waste fuel and increase costs. Consider whether a portable or standby generator is more appropriate for your operations. Portable units are flexible and cost-effective, while standby generators offer automatic power restoration and are ideal for critical systems.

2. Installation and location

Generators should be installed by qualified professionals. Always place generators outdoors in a well-ventilated area, away from doors, windows and vents to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Never operate a generator indoors or in enclosed spaces, such as garages or basements.

Ensure the generator is on a stable, level surface and protected from rain and flooding. Use weatherproof covers designed for generator use, and avoid makeshift shelters that could trap exhaust gases.

3. Fuel safety

Store fuel in approved containers, away from ignition sources and in accordance with fire safety regulations. Refuel only when the generator is turned off and has cooled down to prevent fire or explosion. Regularly inspect fuel lines and tanks for leaks or damage.

Diesel, petrol and gas-powered generators each have specific handling requirements. Staff should be trained in safe fuel management and emergency procedures.

4. Electrical safety

Generators must be connected to your electrical system using a transfer switch installed by a qualified electrician. This prevents backfeeding, which can endanger utility workers and damage equipment. Never plug a generator directly into a wall socket.

Use heavy-duty, outdoor-rated extension cords with sufficient capacity for the connected equipment. Avoid overloading circuits and ensure cords are free from damage.

5. Maintenance and inspection

Routine maintenance is essential for safe and reliable generator operation. Follow the manufacturer’s service schedule, including oil changes, filter replacements and battery checks. Keep a log of inspections and servicing.

Before each use, inspect the generator for signs of wear, leaks or damage. Test the generator periodically to ensure it starts and runs correctly.

6. Noise and environmental considerations

Generators can be noisy and may disturb neighbouring properties. Use noise-reducing enclosures if necessary and comply with local noise regulations. Dispose of used oil, filters and other waste responsibly to minimise environmental impact.

Portable appliance testing (PAT)

All electrical equipment connected to a generator should be regularly inspected and tested to ensure it is safe to use. PAT testing helps identify faults such as damaged cables, faulty plugs or insulation issues that could pose a risk when powered by a generator.

While PAT testing is not a legal requirement in all cases, it is considered best practice, especially in workplaces. Businesses should maintain records of PAT tests and ensure any failed equipment is repaired or removed from service.